India Divided by the British:-
The British were ruling India for 182 years using “Divide and Rule ” policy. They used the same policy even when they left India once for all, after giving Independence to India in the midnight of 15th August 1947. They divided India and separated Pakistan on 14th August 1947, and declared Independence of Pakistan. The British had done this historic partition in response to the claim of Mr. Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the leader of the then Muslim Leage.

The British believed Mohammed Ali Jinnah and his popularity. Based on the Hindus/Muslims population figures submitted by Mr. Jinnah, they made this partition of Pakistan for Muslims and India for Hindus and non-muslims.

The Indian Independence was delayed due to the controversy on the partition of India. The Indian National Congress was opposing the partition of the nation. Otherwise the Indian Independence would have been a bit earlier.

Because of the partition, Hindus who lived in Pakistan had to move to India, in the bordering area such as Punjab. And many muslims, left India to Pakistan. There had been a great human migration, as an effect of the partition.

Though Mahatma Gandhi, was not for the partition of India, he could not stop the partition. He was criticized for his "Muslim Appeasement". Gandhiji “The Father of India” was assassinated as a result of this partition. Only Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, one of the witnesses of the partition of India, led India for 16 years. His family members, Mrs. Indira Gandhi and Mr.Rajiv Gandhi among others continued in leading India after Nehruji. In Pakistan also, Mr.Mohammed Ali Jinnah “The Father of Pakistan” passed away just one year after the partition and Independence of Pakistan.

Bangladesh a new country Created:-
The newly created Pakistan had two wings namely,West Pakistan and East Pakistan, thousands of miles apart, with many Indian states in between. Because of continuous conflict and clashes between the two wings of Pakistan, India had to face many political and refugee problems. As a result, by the timely intervention of Mrs. Indira Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India, in the year 1971, a new nation, Bangladesh was created, ending the years-long conflict between the two wings of Pakistan.

Kashmir Issue between India and Pakistan:-
Right from the days of Independence of Pakistan and India, in 14/15 August 1947, “Kashmir Issue” has been a major issue between the two countries. A number of wars have been fought between India and Pakistan, because of Kashmir Issue and there has been constant enmity between the two countries for the past 61 years. After a war in the year 1971, India and Pakistan had bilateral talks at Simla in June-July 1972 and “Simla Agreement” was signed between the two countries. By the Simla Agreement both the countries agreed to resolve the Kashmir Issue and all the problems between the two countries, bilaterally and peacefully. The agreement was ratified in the same year 1972 by the Governments of both the countries. Howeve even after 32 years from the day of the Simla Agreement, the Kashmir Issue stands unresolved.

The Present Relationship between India and Pakistan:-
At present the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Manmohan Singh and the President of Pakistan Mr.Zardari are trying to resolve the issue amicably. The relationship between India and Pakistan has improved in the recent times. Both India and Pakistan must use “Give and Take” Policy, to bring the issue created by the “Divide and Rule “ Policy of the British rule in India.
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